On July 17, the Ninth Circuit issued a decision holding that an overseas company with unsponsored ADRs trading in the United States on the over-the-counter market can be liable for violations of U.S. securities laws. As explained in the memorandum, the decision eliminates, at least within the Ninth Circuit, the distinction between sponsored and unsponsored ADR programs with respect to the territorial reach of Section 10(b) and could result in expanded securities law liability for overseas companies whose ADRs trade in the United States.